近幾年來我們國(guó)家對(duì)河湖水體的水質(zhì)越來越重視，因此治理河湖水體也越來越普遍，方法也越來越多。河湖治理我們通常分為兩大類一種是化學(xué)方法，一種是生化法。我們來了解下什么是河湖治理的化學(xué)法，化學(xué)法就是通過物質(zhì)之間進(jìn)行化學(xué)反應(yīng)改變水體物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的方法就是水處理的化學(xué)法。那么什么是河湖治理的生化法呢，簡(jiǎn)言之就是通過微生物，動(dòng)植物消耗物質(zhì)改變水體物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的方法。比如微生物好氧和厭氧，水體植物的吸收和光合作用，水體魚類蚌類的吸食!

　　那么河湖治理的化學(xué)法就一定要使用水處理藥劑(也稱作水處理劑、水處理化學(xué)品，Water Treatment Chemicals)。它是工業(yè)用水、生活用水、廢水處置過程中通常所需的化學(xué)藥劑。

　　主要作用是控制水垢、污泥的形成，減少與水接觸的材料的腐蝕，除去水中的懸浮固體和有毒物質(zhì)，除臭脫色，軟化和穩(wěn)定水質(zhì)等。

　　水處理藥劑廣泛應(yīng)用于化工、石油、輕工、日化、紡織、印染、 建筑、冶金、機(jī)械、醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生、交通、城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)保等行業(yè)，包括廢水和污水處理、冷卻水和鍋爐水的處理、海水和苦咸水淡化、膜分離、生物處理、絮凝和離子交換等技術(shù)所需的藥劑。

　　通常根據(jù)產(chǎn)品性能，水處理藥劑可分為絮凝劑、阻垢劑、緩蝕劑、殺菌劑、消泡劑、清洗劑等。此外，還可劃分為一般水處理化學(xué)品和專用水處理化學(xué)品，一般水處理化學(xué)品如明礬、氯、硫酸鐵、 三氯化鐵和聚合氯化鋁等;專用水處理化學(xué)品又分為單一化學(xué)品 (如**絮凝劑)和配方產(chǎn)品(殺菌劑、防腐劑和阻垢劑等)。河湖治理中通常使用的是絮凝劑和殺菌劑這兩種藥劑。

　　通過上文我們了解了河湖治理化學(xué)法的治理原理，下面來了解一下河湖治理化學(xué)方法所用藥劑在天然水體中的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)!采用河湖治理化學(xué)方法水處理藥品法治理天然水體首先是效果快，能夠在短時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)水體潔凈清澈，藻類短期消除!正因?yàn)檫@樣的高效率，所用對(duì)一些污染嚴(yán)重的黑臭水體和一些階段性突發(fā)污染水體的治理，藥劑處理也就成為**方法。但是藥劑處理也將打破原先天然水體的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，使水體的自凈能力急劇下降甚至喪失殆盡。甚至有些特殊化學(xué)藥劑在處理時(shí)出現(xiàn)大量的死亡水體動(dòng)植物，魚蝦、蚌類、水草等的死亡，甚至使河湖中的水體生物被徹底的殺滅的可能。

　　在采用化學(xué)法治理污水時(shí)，是將化學(xué)污泥通過沉淀濃縮或絮凝后再予以妥善處置，但處置的同時(shí)也需要安裝一些曝氣攪拌設(shè)備配合使用，使得藥劑和水體均勻接觸充分反應(yīng)達(dá)到治理效果!河湖治理由于水體體量特別大，藥劑用量也相應(yīng)較大，處理成本也相對(duì)很高，長(zhǎng)期使用添加藥劑，大量的藥劑購(gòu)買會(huì)后期成本居高不下!那么我們接下來看看生化法治理河湖又有哪些優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)呢?

　　生化法治理河湖有濕地植被凈化法、曝氣增氧及微生物填料凈化法、隔斷式強(qiáng)化處理法等。這些方法中曝氣增氧及微生物填料凈化法是*常用成本較低的方法，下面我們主要介紹下這種方法的有哪些優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足。

　　生化法的微孔曝氣及微生物凈化法是通過沉水鼓風(fēng)機(jī)用管道連接到微納米曝氣器產(chǎn)生的微小氣泡在水體中與水的接觸讓空氣中的氧氣溶解在水體當(dāng)中，同時(shí)氣泡在上升過程中將下層水體上揚(yáng)使得底部溶解氧低的水體和上層水體混合，提高了整體水體的溶解氧含量。微孔曝氣使得水體氧含量豐富。為水體的微生物，水草，魚蝦等提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的水體環(huán)境，特別是對(duì)微生物的好氧繁殖，提供了穩(wěn)定的氧來源。大量微生物可以分解水體的微小**物轉(zhuǎn)化為碳水化合物和無機(jī)物，從而提高水體水質(zhì)。曝氣過程也將水體中氨氮通過氣泡帶動(dòng)釋放到大氣中，降低水體的氨氮含量。

　　活化水體

　　由于微孔曝氣管(盤)安裝在池塘1.0-3.0M水深的池底部或者懸掛在3.0-4.0M水深的網(wǎng)箱底部微小而緩慢上升的氣泡流猶如將水體變成一條緩緩流動(dòng)的河流，使表層水體和底層水體同時(shí)均勻增氧。充足的溶氧可加速水體底層沉積的肥泥、散落和剩余編制的餌料以及魚類排泄物等**質(zhì)的分解，轉(zhuǎn)化為微生物，使水體自我凈化功能得以恢復(fù)，建立起自然水體生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，使水活起來。

　　實(shí)現(xiàn)水生態(tài)平衡，提高河湖自凈能力

　　持續(xù)不斷地微孔曝氣增氧，水體自我凈化能力得以恢復(fù)**，菌相、藻相自然平衡，構(gòu)建起水體的自然生態(tài)，魚類種群的生存能力穩(wěn)定提高，充分保障河湖生態(tài)平衡。

　　安全性、環(huán)保性能高

　　微孔曝氣增氧裝置安裝在河湖治理項(xiàng)目中，安全性能好，不會(huì)給水體帶來任何其他污染，消耗只有電能，甚至偏遠(yuǎn)無法接電地區(qū)還可以利用水域面的太陽(yáng)能轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的裝置。

　　微孔增氧凈化法需要建立新的水生態(tài)平衡，所以建立周期相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)，特別是對(duì)黑臭水體治理不能做到立竿見影的效果，一般情況微孔增氧曝氣會(huì)和微生物填料凈化方法一同使用效果更好!

　　河湖治理的這兩種方法都有自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，加藥處理的治理方法時(shí)效性*強(qiáng)，可以立竿見影但是同時(shí)也存在后續(xù)很大隱患，可以作為應(yīng)急處理方法;微孔曝氣增氧及微生物凈化方法雖不能立竿見影，但是能用較低的運(yùn)行成本建立長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的生態(tài)平衡系統(tǒng)。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)生態(tài)角度和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益角度生化法治理河湖應(yīng)該**選擇。

下面羅列一些與我們合作案例，僅供各位參考：

　　In recent years, our country has paid more and more attention to the water quality of rivers and lakes, so the treatment of rivers and lakes is becoming more and more common, and there are more and more methods. We usually divide River and lake treatment into two categories: chemical method and biochemical method. Let's understand what is the chemical method of river and lake treatment. Chemical method is the method of changing the material structure of water body through chemical reactions between substances, which is the chemical method of water treatment. So what is the biochemical method of river and lake treatment? In short, it is the method of changing the material structure of water body by consuming substances by microorganisms, animals and plants. For example, aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, absorption and Photosynthesis of water plants, and ingestion of fish and mussels in water!

　　Then the chemical method of river and lake treatment must use water treatment chemicals (also known as water treatment chemicals). It is a chemical agent usually needed in the process of industrial water, domestic water and wastewater treatment.

　　Its main function is to control the formation of scale and sludge, reduce the corrosion of materials in contact with water, remove suspended solids and toxic substances in water, deodorize and decolorize, soften and stabilize water quality, etc.

　　Water treatment agents are widely used in chemical, petroleum, light industry, daily chemical, textile, printing and dyeing, construction, metallurgy, machinery, medicine and health, transportation, urban and rural environmental protection and other industries, including chemicals required for wastewater and sewage treatment, cooling water and boiler water treatment, seawater and brackish water desalination, membrane separation, biological treatment, flocculation, ion exchange and other technologies.

　　Generally, according to the product performance, water treatment agents can be divided into flocculants, scale inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, fungicides, defoamers, cleaning agents, etc. In addition, it can also be divided into general water treatment chemicals and special water treatment chemicals. General water treatment chemicals such as alum, chlorine, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride and polyaluminum chloride; Special water treatment chemicals are divided into single chemicals (such as organic flocculants) and formula products (fungicides, preservatives, scale inhibitors, etc.). Flocculants and fungicides are usually used in river and lake treatment.

　　From the above, we have learned about the treatment principle of the chemical method of river and lake treatment. Now let's learn about the advantages and disadvantages of the chemicals used in the chemical method of river and lake treatment in natural water bodies! Using chemical methods for river and lake treatment, water treatment and drug methods to treat natural water bodies is first of all effective, which can achieve clean and clear water bodies and short-term elimination of algae in a short time! Because of this high efficiency, pharmaceutical treatment has become the preferred method for the treatment of some heavily polluted black and odorous water bodies and some phased sudden polluted water bodies. However, chemical treatment will also break the ecosystem of the original natural water body, resulting in a sharp decline in the self purification capacity of the water body or even loss. Even a large number of dead water animals and plants, fish and shrimp, mussels, aquatic plants and so on, and even make it possible for the aquatic organisms in rivers and lakes to be completely killed during the treatment of some special chemicals.

　　When the chemical method is used to treat sewage, the chemical sludge is properly disposed after sedimentation, concentration or flocculation, but at the same time, some aeration and mixing equipment need to be installed to cooperate with the disposal, so that the agent can contact the water evenly and react fully to achieve the treatment effect! Due to the large volume of water body, the dosage of chemicals is also relatively large, and the treatment cost is also relatively high. With the long-term use of added chemicals, the cost of purchasing a large number of chemicals will remain high in the later stage! So what are the advantages and disadvantages of biochemical treatment of rivers and lakes?

　　Biochemical treatment of rivers and lakes includes wetland vegetation purification, aeration and microbial filler purification, partition enhanced treatment, etc. Among these methods, aeration and microbial filler purification are the most commonly used methods with low cost. Next, we will mainly introduce the advantages and disadvantages of this method.

　　The micro pore aeration and microbial purification method of biochemical method is to connect the submerged blower to the micro nano aerator with a pipe, and the tiny bubbles produced in the water contact with the water to dissolve the oxygen in the air in the water body. At the same time, the bubbles will rise the lower water body in the rising process, making the water body with low dissolved oxygen at the bottom mix with the upper water body, and improving the dissolved oxygen content of the overall water body. Microporous aeration makes the water rich in oxygen. It provides a high-quality water environment for microorganisms, aquatic plants, fish and shrimp in the water, especially for the aerobic reproduction of microorganisms, and provides a stable source of oxygen. A large number of microorganisms can decompose the tiny organic matter in the water into carbohydrates and inorganic matter, so as to improve the water quality. The aeration process also releases ammonia nitrogen in the water body to the atmosphere through bubbles, reducing the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body.

　　Activate water body

　　Since the microporous aeration pipe (disc) is installed at the bottom of the pond with a water depth of 1.0-3.0m or suspended at the bottom of the cage with a water depth of 3.0-4.0m, the tiny and slowly rising bubble flow is like turning the water body into a slowly flowing river, making the surface water body and the bottom water body increase oxygen evenly at the same time. Sufficient dissolved oxygen can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter such as fertilizer sludge, scattered and residual bait and fish excreta deposited at the bottom of the water body, and convert them into microorganisms, so that the self purification function of the water body can be restored, and a natural water ecosystem can be established to make the water live.

　　Achieve water ecological balance and improve the self purification capacity of rivers and lakes

　　The self purification ability of water body can be restored and improved by continuous micro pore aeration, the natural balance of bacterial phase and algal phase, and the natural ecology of water body can be constructed. The survival ability of fish population can be steadily improved to fully ensure the ecological balance of rivers and lakes.

　　High safety and environmental performance

　　The microporous aeration and oxygenation device is installed in the river and lake treatment project. It has good safety performance, will not bring any other pollution to the water body, and consumes only electric energy. It is a device that can use the solar energy on the water surface to convert into electric energy even in remote areas that cannot be connected to electricity.

　　Microporous oxygenation and purification method needs to establish a new water ecological balance, so the establishment cycle is relatively long, especially for the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, which can not achieve an immediate effect. Generally, microporous oxygenation and aeration will work better together with microbial filler purification method!

　　These two methods of river and lake treatment have their own advantages and disadvantages. The treatment method of dosing treatment is the most time-effective and can achieve immediate results, but at the same time, there are also great hidden dangers in the follow-up, which can be used as an emergency treatment method; Although the methods of microporous aeration and microbial purification can not achieve immediate results, they can establish a long-term stable ecological balance system with low operating costs. From the perspective of long-term ecology and economic benefits, biochemical treatment of rivers and lakes should be the best choice.

　　Here are some cooperation cases with us for your reference only: